Database Integration: MySQL, PostgreSQL, and MongoDB with Java

 Integrating databases with Java applications is a fundamental skill for backend development. Java supports a wide range of relational and non-relational databases, including MySQL, PostgreSQL, and MongoDB. Each database has its own strengths, and Java provides robust libraries and APIs to connect, query, and manage data efficiently.

MySQL with Java

MySQL is one of the most popular open-source relational databases used in web and enterprise applications.

Steps to Integrate:

Add MySQL JDBC Driver to your project (via Maven or manually).

xml

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<dependency>

  <groupId>mysql</groupId>

  <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>

  <version>8.0.33</version>

</dependency>

Sample Code:

java

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Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mydb", "user", "password");

Statement stmt = conn.createStatement();

ResultSet rs = stmt.executeQuery("SELECT * FROM users");

while(rs.next()) {

    System.out.println(rs.getString("name"));

}

conn.close();

Use Cases:

E-commerce platforms

CMS and blog systems

PostgreSQL with Java

PostgreSQL is a powerful, enterprise-grade relational database known for performance and reliability.

Integration Steps:

Add the PostgreSQL JDBC driver.

xml

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<dependency>

  <groupId>org.postgresql</groupId>

  <artifactId>postgresql</artifactId>

  <version>42.6.0</version>

</dependency>

Sample Code:

java

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Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:postgresql://localhost:5432/mydb", "user", "password");

PreparedStatement pstmt = conn.prepareStatement("SELECT * FROM employees");

ResultSet rs = pstmt.executeQuery();

while(rs.next()) {

    System.out.println(rs.getInt("id") + ": " + rs.getString("name"));

}

conn.close();

Use Cases:

Financial and analytical applications

Systems requiring complex queries and data types

MongoDB with Java

MongoDB is a NoSQL database that stores data in flexible, JSON-like documents. It’s ideal for applications needing scalability and dynamic schemas.

Integration Steps:

Use MongoDB Java Driver.

xml

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<dependency>

  <groupId>org.mongodb</groupId>

  <artifactId>mongodb-driver-sync</artifactId>

  <version>4.10.0</version>

</dependency>

Sample Code:

java

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MongoClient mongoClient = MongoClients.create("mongodb://localhost:27017");

MongoDatabase database = mongoClient.getDatabase("mydb");

MongoCollection<Document> collection = database.getCollection("users");

for (Document doc : collection.find()) {

    System.out.println(doc.toJson());

}

mongoClient.close();

Use Cases:

Real-time analytics

Content management and IoT platforms

Conclusion

Java’s flexibility and ecosystem make it easy to connect with MySQL, PostgreSQL, and MongoDB. Depending on the application's needs—structured or unstructured data, scalability, or performance—you can choose the right database and seamlessly integrate it using Java’s robust APIs.

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Creating RESTful APIs Using Spring Boot

Using Hibernate for ORM in Java Applications

Introduction to Spring Framework for Backend Development

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